Overview
Cat #:
STV-500
Alternative Name ACV1, Vc1.1, Alpha-Conotoxin Vc1.1
Lyophilized Powder yes
Origin Conus victoriae
Source Synthetic
MW: 1807 Da
Purity: >98% (HPLC)
Form Lyophilized Powder
Effective concentration 20 nM – 1 µM
Sequence GCCSDPRCNYDHPEIC-NH2
Modifications Disulfide bonds between Cys2-Cys8 and Cys3-Cys16
Cys16 – C-terminal amide
Molecular formula C71H103N23O25S4
CAS No.: 740980-24-9
Activity A specific antagonist of α9α10 nAChR that also selectively modulate high-voltage-activated (HVA) calcium channel acting as agonists via G-protein -coupled GABAB receptors 1,2.
Shipping and storage The product is shipped as a lyophilized powder at room temperature. Upon receipt, it should be stored at -20°C. Protect from moisture.
Solubility Soluble in water. For long-term storage in solution, we recommend to prepare a stock solution by dissolving the product in ddH2O at a concentration X100-1000 of final working solution. Divide the solution into small aliquots and store at -20°C. Upon use, thaw the relevant vial intended for use and dilute in your desired working buffer. The preparation of fresh solutions in working buffers before use is recommended. Repeat freeze-thawing might result in loss of activity. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10000 x g, 5 min).
Storage of solutions The reconstituted solution can be stored at 4°C for up to 1 week. For longer periods (up to 6 months), small aliquots should be stored at -20°C. We do not recommend storing the toxin in working solutions for longer than a few days. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Scientific background α-Conotoxin Vc1.1 (Vc1.1) is a 16 amino acid synthetic version of a conopeptide, which was first discovered from a PCR screen of cDNA from the venom ducts of the tropical marine snail, Conus victoriae1. Vc1.1 adopts the archetypal three-dimensional structure of a-conotoxins, which consists of a helical region stabilized by two disulfide bonds. The α-conotoxin family members are defined, in part, by their pharmacological targets, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Vc1.1 is a neuronal nAChR antagonist that displays selectivity for the α9α10 subtype2. A subset of α-conotoxins have been shown to inhibit high-voltage-activated (HVA) calcium channel currents via activation of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor B (GABABR). GABABRs are G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) for GABA, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABABRs are promising targets for the treatment of various neurological and psychiatric disorders, including pain, depression, and drug addiction. Vc1.1 was the first α-conotoxin shown to inhibit HVA calcium channels (CaV2.2 and CaV2.3) via GABABR activation3,4.
Vc1.1 alleviates neuropathic pain in three human neuropathic pain rat models and accelerates the functional recovery of injured neurons5. This toxin has been tested in human clinical trials for the treatment of neuropathic pain, where it exhibited both clean safety and side effect profiles. In addition to its antinociceptive and antihyperalgesic actions in neuropathic pain models, Vc1.1 inhibits human DRG neurons via activation of the GABABR, which are the primary transducers at the start of the pain processing pathway6.
Target α9α10 nAChRs, GABA(B) receptors, Neuronal nAChR, Cav2.2, Cav2.3
Peptide Content: 100%
Lyophilized Powder
For research purposes only, not for human use
Last Update: 23/05/2024
