Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a natural ligand and a potent angiotensin type 1 and 2 (AT₂R and AT₁R) receptor agonist. It is important for maintaining normal regulation of cardiovascular function. Ang II is a primary effector peptide of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in a variety of tissues and is a major target for blood pressure lowering drugs. Ang II is also responsible for the release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla and from dopaminergic neurons in the central nervous system¹.

Angiotensin I is metabolized to the vasoconstricting octapeptide angiotensin II by a circulating converting enzyme (ACE) by removal of two C-terminal residues.

Several studies have suggested that increased levels of Ang II in the blood flow may cause endothelial cell dysfunction during the pathogenesis of conditions such as atherosclerosis and hypertension².