Overview
- Peptide (C)TTKINMDDLQPSENEDKS, corresponding to amino acid residues 848-865 of rat CaV1.2 (Accession P22002). Intracellular loop between domains II and III.
- Rat cerebellum and pancreas frozen sections.
- Expression of CaV1.2 in rat cerebellumImmunohistochemical staining of rat cerebellum frozen sections with Anti-CaV1.2 (CACNA1C)-ATTO Fluor-488 Antibody (#ACC-003-AG), (1:100). Both dendrites of Purkinje cells (horizontal arrows) and fibers of Bergmann glia (vertical arrows) were stained. DAPI (blue Nissl counterstain) helps define the layers: granule (G), Purkinje (P) and molecular (M).
- Expression of CaV1.2 in rat pancreasImmunohistochemical staining of paraffin embedded sections of rat pancreas using Anti-CaV1.2 (CACNA1C)-ATTO Fluor-488 Antibody (#ACC-003-AG), (1:50). Staining is highly specific for endocrine cells of the Isle of Langerhans (IL).
- Mouse pancreas (ms1) cell line (1:50).
All L-type calcium channels are encoded by one of the CaV1 channel genes. These channels play a major role as a Ca2+ entry pathway in skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscles as well as in neurons, endocrine cells and possibly in non-excitable cells such as hematopoetic and epithelial cells. All CaV1 channels are influenced by dihydropyridines (DHP) and are also referred to as DHP receptors.
While the CaV1.1 and CaV1.4 isoforms are expressed in restricted tissues (skeletal muscle and retina, respectively), the expression of CaV1.2 is ubiquitous and CaV1.3 channels are found in the heart, brain and pancreas. Several peptidyl toxins are described that are specific L-type channel blockers, but so far no selective blocker for one of the CaV1 isoforms have been described. These include the Mamba toxins Calcicludine (#SPC-650), Calciseptine (#C-500) and FS-2 (#F-700).