Overview
- Peptide (C)RKSNFRLRGYSTGK, corresponding to amino acid residues 204 - 217 of mouse GPR139 (Accession Q80UC8). Intracellular, 3rd loop.
Western blot analysis of mouse brain membranes (lanes 1 and 3) and rat brain lysates (lanes 2 and 4):1-2. Anti-GPR139 Antibody (#AGR-069), (1:800).
3-4. Anti-GPR139 Antibody, preincubated with GPR139 Blocking Peptide (BLP-GR069).
Western blot analysis of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line lysate:1. Anti-GPR139 Antibody (#AGR-069), (1:200).
2. Anti-GPR139 Antibody, preincubated with GPR139 Blocking Peptide (BLP-GR069).
Expression of GPR139 in rat ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH).Immunohistochemical staining of perfusion-fixed frozen rat brain sections with Anti-GPR139 Antibody (#AGR-069), (1:600), followed by goat anti-rabbit-AlexaFluor-488. A. GPR139 immunoreactivity (green) appears in tanycyte-like processes (arrows). B. Pre-incubation of the antibody with GPR139 Blocking Peptide (BLP-GR069), suppressed staining. Cell nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). 3rd V = third ventricle.
- Rosenbaum, D.M. et al. (2009) Nature., 459, 356.
- Tang, X.I. et al. (2012) Acta. Pharmacol. Sin., 33, 363.
- Nøhr, A.C. et al. (2017) Neurochem. Int., 102, 105.
- Vedel, L. et al. (2020) Basic. Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 126, 35.
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are the largest family of membrane proteins and mediate most of the physiological responses to hormones, neurotransmitters and environmental stimulants. At the most basic level, all GPCRs are characterized by the presence of seven membrane-spanning α-helical segments separated by alternating intracellular and extracellular loop regions1. Orphan GPCRs are a group of GPCRs that their endogenous ligands remain unidentified and therefore their natural functions in doubt2.
GPR139 is an orphan GPCRs for which amino acids L-tryptophan and L-phenylalanine, the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and α- and β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone have been proposed as endogenous agonists3. GPR139 was found to be highly conserved across species, as the amino acid sequence of the human GPR139 protein is 96%, 92% and 70% identical to the mouse, chicken and zebrafish orthologs, respectively. According to mRNA expression levels GPR139 is mainly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). GPR139 has been reported to activate several G protein pathways of which Gq/11 is the primary one4.
Anti-GPR139 Antibody (#AGR-069) is a highly specific antibody directed against an epitope of the mouse protein. The antibody can be used in western blot and immunohistochemistry applications. It has been designed to recognize GPR139 from rat, mouse and human samples.
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