Overview
- Peptide (C)KDDKDFTGTIHRID, corresponding to amino acid residues 193-206 of rat KV1.1 (Accession P10499). 1st extracellular loop.
Multiplex staining of KV1.2 and KV1.1 in mouse cerebellumImmunohistochemical staining of mouse perfusion-fixed frozen brain sections using Anti-KV1.2 (KCNA2) Antibody (#APC-010), (1:300) and Anti-KV1.1 (KCNA1) (extracellular)-ATTO Fluor-594 Antibody (#APC-161-AR), (1:100). A. KV1.2 staining, followed by donkey-anti-rabbit-Cy2 (green). B. KV1.1 staining (red). C. Merge of the two images suggests considerable co-localization in the pinceau structures (up-pointing arrows). KV1.1 also appears in blood vessels (down-pointing arrows), where no KV1.2 expression is observed.
Expression of KV1.1 in mouse cerebellumImmunohistochemical staining of perfusion-fixed frozen mouse brain sections using Anti-KV1.1 (KCNA1) (extracellular)-ATTO Fluor-594 Antibody (#APC-161-AR), (1:100). KV1.1 (red) is detected in the granule layer (GL) and pinceau structures (arrows). Cell nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue).
Expression of KV1.1 in rat PC12 cellsCell surface detection of KV1.1 in live intact rat PC12 pheochromocytoma cells. A. Extracellular staining of cells with Anti-KV1.1 (KCNA1) (extracellular)-ATTO Fluor-594 Antibody (#APC-161-AR), (1:25), (red). B. Live view of the cells. C. Merge of A and B.
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- Gutman, G.A. et al. (2005) Pharmacol. Rev. 57, 473.
- Adelman, J.P. et al. (1995) Neuron 15, 1449.
- Bogin, O. (2006) Modulator 21, 28.
KV1.1 is a mammalian voltage-dependent K+ channel, homologous to the Drosophila Shaker K+ channel. KV1.1 was the first mammalian KV channel to be cloned from mouse brain.1 Eight Shaker-related genes exist in mammals constituting the KV1, subfamily of the large KV channel family of genes.2
A functional KV1 channel is either a membrane spanning homotetramer or heterotetramer, which is composed of members of the same subfamily. In addition several auxiliary subunits and intracellular proteins might interact with the channel and affect its function. The structure of KV1.1 channel is similar to all KV channels and includes six membrane spanning helices creating a voltage sensor domain and a pore domain.2
The channel is expressed in neurons and cardiac and skeletal muscle tissue as well as in the retina and pancreas.2 The functional channel is considered low voltage activated and shows very little inactivation. Therefore, this channel activity influences the membrane potential and excitability of neurons and muscle. Mutations in the coding of KV1.1 gene were discovered in Episodic Ataxia patients.3
KV1.1 channels are sensitive to low doses of TEA (0.3 mM) and 4-AP (0.29 mM), the “classical” non-selective potassium channel blockers.
Several venomous toxins from snakes, scorpions and sea anemones are potent blockers (affecting the channels in the nanomolar range) of KV1.1 channels. Among these, the most potent and selective are α-Dendrotoxin (0.4-4 nM) and δ-Dendrotoxin (0.03-1.8 nM), Dendrotoxin-K (0.03 nM), Agitoxin-2 (0.044 nM) and Hongotoxin-1 (0.031 nM).4
Anti-KV1.1 (KCNA1) (extracellular) Antibody (#APC-161) is a highly specific antibody directed against an epitope of the rat protein. The antibody can be used in western blot, immunohistochemistry, indirect flow cytometry and live cell imaging applications. It has been designed to recognize KV1.1 from human, rat and mouse samples.
Anti-KV1.1 (KCNA1) (extracellular)-ATTO Fluor-594 Antibody (#APC-161-AR) is directly labeled with an ATTO-594 fluorescent dye. ATTO dyes are characterized by strong absorption (high extinction coefficient), high fluorescence quantum yield, and high photo-stability. The ATTO-594 fluorescent label belongs to the class of Rhodamine dyes and can be used with fluorescent equipment typically optimized to detect Texas Red and Alexa-594. Anti-KV1.1 (KCNA1) (extracellular)-ATTO Fluor-594 Antibody is especially suited for experiments requiring simultaneous labeling of different markers.
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