Overview
- Peptide CKDLPNSGKYRLEDD, corresponding to amino acid residues 528-542 of mouse TRPML3 (Accession Q8R4F0). Intracellular, C-terminus (cytoplasmic).
Expression of Mucolipin 3 in mouse brainImmunohistochemical staining of TRPML3 in mouse brain frozen section with Anti-TRPML3 (Mucolipin 3)-ATTO Fluor-594 Antibody (#ACC-083-AR). A. Staining revealed TRPML3 positive nerve cell profiles in the brainstem auditory nucleus. B. Preincubation with the immunogen peptide suppressed the above staining pattern.
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The endolysosome system takes part in important cellular functions such as membrane trafficking, protein transport, autophagy and signal transduction1. Endosomes result from endocytosis of the plasma membrane and lysosomes (which are derived from late endosomes) conatin mainly hydrolytic enzymes and generally have a low internal pH1. Like the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), endolysosomes also store Ca2+ (luminal Ca2+ concentration: 0.5 mM)1,2, and similarly to Ca2+ release from the ER, Ca2+ from endolysosomes may also play an important role in various signaling events. To date such candidates include members of the TRP super-family of ion channels and the two-pore Ca2+ channels (TPCs)1,3,4.
TRPMLs, also termed mucolipins, are members of the TRP channels. In mammals, three TRPMLs are known to date (TRPML1-3 or MCOLN1-3). They are all localized to endolysosomes, although when over expressed in heterologous systems, TRPML3 is found on the plasma membrane1,5. These channels are Ca2+ permeable and display inward rectifying current properties1,5. Like all members of this family, TRPMLs have six transmembrane domains and intracellular N- and C-termini (relatively short tails compared to other members). They are characterized by an exceptionally large extracellular (luminal) loop between transmembrane domains 1 and 2, and N-glycosylation sites are present in the first extracellular (luminal) loop5.
In mammals, TRPML1 is expressed in a ubiquitous manner and shows highest expression in the brain, kidney, spleen, liver and heart1,6. TRPML2 and TRPML3 are less widely expressed. Interestingly, in mouse, two splice variants exist for TRPML2. The shorter variant is more broadly expressed and is dominant over the longer variant in the thymus, spleen and kidney1,7. TRPML3 is highly detected in the thymus, lung, kidney, spleen and eye1,7,8, some epithelial cells1,9 and brain10.
Pathologies related to these channels include type IV mucolipidosis, a neurodegenetative disease characterized by retardation and retinal degeneration caused by a loss of function mutation in the gene encoding TRPML1. In contrast, a gain of function mutation in TRPML3, in mice, causes deafness, and pigmentation defects11.
Anti-TRPML3 (Mucolipin 3) Antibody (#ACC-083) is a highly specific antibody directed against an epitope of the mouse protein. The antibody can be used in western blot and immunohistochemistry applications. It has been designed to recognize TRPML3 from human, rat and mouse samples.
Anti-TRPML3 (Mucolipin 3)-ATTO Fluor-594 Antibody (#ACC-083-AR) is directly labeled with an ATTO-594 fluorescent dye. ATTO dyes are characterized by strong absorption (high extinction coefficient), high fluorescence quantum yield, and high photo-stability. The ATTO-594 fluorescent label belongs to the class of Rhodamine dyes and can be used with fluorescent equipment typically optimized to detect Texas Red and Alexa-594. Anti-TRPML3 (Mucolipin 3)-ATTO Fluor-594 Antibody has been tested in immunohistochemical applications and is specially suited to experiments requiring simultaneous labeling of different markers.
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