Name: GsAF-II
Brand: Alomone Labs
SKU: STG-350

Overview

Cat #: STG-350

Alternative Name Kappa-theraphotoxin-Gr2c, κ-TRTX-Gr2c, GsAF II, GsAFII, Mechanotoxin-α

Lyophilized Powder yes

Origin Synthetic peptide

MW: 3979.9 Da

Purity: >98% (HPLC)

Effective concentration 1-24 µM.

Sequence YCQKWMWTCDEERKCCEGLVCRLWCKKKIEW.

Modifications Disulfide bonds between Cys²-Cys¹⁶, Cys⁹-Cys²¹ and Cys¹⁵-Cys²⁵.

Structure

Molecular formula C₁₇₆H₂₆₁N₄₇O₄₅S₇.

Activity GsAF-II is a blocker of TTX-sensitive Na_V and K_V11.1 channels¹.

References-Activity

Redaelli, E. et al. (2010) J. Biol. Chem. 285, 4130.

Accession number P61409.

Shipping and storage Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.

Solubility Any other aqueous buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).

Storage of solutions Up to two weeks at 4°C or three months at -20°C.

Our bioassay

Alomone Labs GsAF-II inhibits Na_V1.7 currents in stably transfected HEK293T cells.
A. Time course of GsAF-II (#STG-350) action on Na_V1.7 peak currents. Peak current amplitudes were plotted as a function of time. Holding potential was -100 mV and currents were stimulated every 10 seconds by a voltage ramp of 50 msec from holding potential to 60 mV. 1 µM GsAF-II was perfused as indicated by the horizontal bar (red). B. Superimposed traces of Na_V1.7 channel current in the absence (control) and presence of 1 µM (red) GsAF-II perfused during 2.5 min (taken from the experiment in A).

References - Scientific background

Catterall W.A. et al. (2005) Pharmacol. Rev. 57, 397.
Garcia M.L. and Possani L.D. (2007) Toxicon 49, 123.
Escoubas P. et al. (2004) Toxicon 43, 555.
Redaelli, E. et al. (2010) J. Biol. Chem. 285, 4130.

Scientific background

The tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive Na⁺ channels are differentially distributed in the central and peripheral nervous system, in skeletal muscle, and in cardiac muscle¹. Several venom-derived peptides are known to modify the gating properties of ion channels, and the study of their mechanisms of action is expected to contribute to the elucidation of the molecular motions associated with channel gating².

Tarantula venoms are a library of interesting compounds, some of which are exquisite modulators of many types of ion channels. A large number of spider toxins have been demonstrated to modulate Na_V channels³.

GsAF-II (also termed κ-theraphotoxin-Gr2c) is a peptidyl toxin originally isolated from the venom of Grammostola rosea spider. This toxin has antinociceptive and antiarrhythmic effects in mammals. The peptide is reported to block the following voltage-gated Na⁺ channels: Na_V1.1, Na_V1.2, Na_V1.3, Na_V1.4, Na_V1.6 and Na_V1.7 with IC₅₀ values of 5.7, 12, 24, 4, 6.6 and 1.3 µM, respectively. This peptide also blocks hERG1 with an IC₅₀ value of 4.7 µM⁴.

Target TTX-sensitive Na_V, K_V11.1 channels

Peptide Content: 100%

Lyophilized Powder

GsAF-II (#STG-350) is a highly pure, synthetic, and biologically active peptide toxin.

Certificate of Analysis SDS

For research purposes only, not for human use

Last Update: 07/05/2024

Applications

Citations

Product citations

Salari, A. et al. (2016) Sci. Rep. 6, 1.

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GsAF-II

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Scientific Background

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