Overview
- Peptide (C)DEDLQSKLEAFKTK, corresponding to amino acid residues 40-53 of rat IBA1/AIF1 (Accession P55009). Intracellular.
IBA1/AIF1 Blocking Peptide (#BLP-CS010)
Western blot analysis of rat spleen lysate (lanes 1 and 4), mouse spleen membranes (lanes 2 and 5) and mouse BV-2 microglia cell line lysate (lanes 3 and 6):1-3. Guinea Pig Anti-IBA1/AIF1 Antibody (#ACS-010-GP), (1:200).
4-6. Guinea Pig Anti-IBA1/AIF1 Antibody (#ACS-010-GP), preincubated with IBA1/AIF1 Blocking Peptide (#BLP-CS010).
Expression of IBA1/AIF1 in rat hippocampusImmunohistochemical staining of perfusion-fixed frozen rat brain sections with Guinea Pig Anti-IBA1/AIF1 Antibody (#ACS-010-GP), (1:1000), followed by donkey anti-guinea pig-biotin and Streptavidin-Cy3. A. Staining in the hippocampal CA1 region, showed immunoreactivity (red) in microglia (arrows). B. Pre-incubation of the antibody with IBA1/AIF1 Blocking Peptide (#BLP-CS010), suppressed staining. Cell nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue).
- Zhao, Y.Y. et al. (2013) Cell. Immunol. 284, 75.
- Liu, G. et al. (2007) Autoimmunity 40, 95.
- Ito, D. et al. (1998) Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 57, 1.
- Chen, Z.W. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94, 13879.
Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 (AIF1) is a 17 kDa. cytoplasmic, calcium and actin binding scaffold protein, mainly expressed in immunocytes. AIF-1 is induced by cytokines such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ).
It is encoded within the HLA class III genomic region by IBA1 gene, and its structure contains seven alpha helixes and three beta sheets. There are three other proteins identical to AIF1: Ionized Ca2+-Binding Adaptor 1, Microglia Response Factor-1, and Daintain1.
The gene is highly expressed in testis, spleen, circulating macrophages and in the brain but weakly expressed in lung and kidney. Among brain cells, the Iba1 gene is strongly and specifically expressed in microglia and its expression is up-regulated following nerve injury, central nervous system ischemia, and several other brain diseases2.
AIF1 influences the immune system at several key points and thus modulates inflammatory diseases. It increases the expression of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and promotes inflammatory cell proliferation and migration and hence it is highly associated with autoimmune diseases3. In addition, its abundance is positively correlated with metabolic indicators, such as body mass index, triglycerides, and fasting plasma glucose levels. There is also evidence that AIF1 could be a marker for diabetic nephropathy when detected in serum. It is found in activated macrophages in the pancreatic islets, and has been shown to decrease insulin secretion, while simultaneously impairing glucose elimination4.
Guinea Pig Anti-IBA1/AIF1 Antibody (#ACS-010-GP) is a highly specific antibody directed against an epitope of the rat protein. The antibody can be used in western blot and immunohistochemistry applications. It has been designed to recognize IBA1/AIF1 from mouse, rat and human samples.
The antigen used to immunize guinea pigs is the same as Anti-IBA1/AIF1 Antibody (#ACS-010) raised in rabbit. Our line of guinea pig antibodies enables more flexibility with our products such as multiplex staining studies, immunoprecipitation and more.
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