Overview
- Peptide CRQTGNT(S)KELRD, corresponding to amino acid residues 178-190 of rat Synaptophysin (Accession P07825). 2nd intravesicular loop.
Western blot analysis of rat brain membranes (lanes 1 and 3) and mouse brain membranes (lanes 2 and 4):1-2. Guinea Pig Anti-Synaptophysin Antibody (#ANR-013-GP), (1:200).
3-4. Guinea Pig Anti-Synaptophysin Antibody, preincubated with Synaptophysin Blocking Peptide (BLP-NR013).
Expression of Synaptophysin in mouse hippocampus.Immunohistochemical staining of perfusion-fixed frozen mouse brain sections with Guinea Pig Anti-Synaptophysin Antibody (#ANR-013-GP), (1:200), followed by goat anti-guinea pig-AlexaFluor-594. A. Staining in the hippocampal CA3 region, showed immunoreactivity (red) in the mossy fiber terminal zone (MF, arrows). B. Pre-incubation of the antibody with Synaptophysin Blocking Peptide (BLP-NR013), suppressed staining. Cell nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue).
Expression of Synaptophysin in rat hippocampus.Immunohistochemical staining of perfusion-fixed frozen rat brain sections with Guinea Pig Anti-Synaptophysin Antibody (#ANR-013-GP), (1:200), followed by goat anti-guinea pig-AlexaFluor-594. A. Staining in the hippocampal CA3 region, showed immunoreactivity (red) in the mossy fiber terminal zone (MF, arrows). B. Pre-incubation of the antibody with Synaptophysin Blocking Peptide (BLP-NR013), suppressed staining. Cell nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue).
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Synaptophysin is the major integral membrane protein of small synaptic vesicles1-3. It belongs to a family of proteins which includes synaptogyrin and synaptoporin. The protein contains 4 transmembrane domains and cytoplasmic N- and C-termini4. There are two intravesicular loops that contain disulfide bonds. The protein is N-glycosylated on the first intravesicular loop, a modification important for the synaptic vesicle targeting of synaptophysin. Indeed, a mutant form of the protein, unable to undergo glycolysation, leads to the accumulation of the protein in the cell body of neurons indicating that N-glycosylation is required for the synaptic localization of synaptophysin5. The C-terminal tail is extensively phosphorylated on Tyr residues. However, the biological significance of the post-translational modification is not yet determined6.
Although exact and specific role of synaptophysin remains a mystery, a study suggests that the protein is required for efficient endocytosis of synaptic vesicles in cultured hippocampal neurons6.
Since synaptophysin is exclusively detected in synaptic vesicles, it is widely used as a marker for presynaptic vesicles.
Genetic screening in humans and behavioral studies in rodents show that loss of synaptophysin expression or expression of a truncated form of the protein may be attributed to mental retardation and/or learning deficits7,8. Interestingly though, synaptic transmission in synaptophysin knockout mice remains normal6.
Guinea Pig Anti-Synaptophysin Antibody (#ANR-013-GP, formerly AGP-144) is a highly specific antibody directed against an epitope of the rat Synaptophysin protein. The antibody can be used in western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry applications. It has been designed to recognize Synaptophysin from rat, mouse and human samples.
The antigen used to immunize guinea pigs is the same as Anti-Synaptophysin Antibody (#ANR-013) raised in rabbit. Our line of guinea pig antibodies enables more flexibility with our products such as multiplex staining studies, immunoprecipitation and more.
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