Synthetic peptide

0.1-10 μM.

μ-Conotoxin KIIIA specifically and in some cases reversibly blocks TTX-sensitive mammalian voltage-dependent Na⁺ (Na_V) channels¹.

Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.

Any aqueous buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).

Up to two weeks at 4°C or three months at -20°C.

Synthetic peptide

5 nM - 2 µM.

Ceratotoxin-2 modulates different voltage-gated Na⁺ channel subtypes from the central nervous system (Na_V1.1-Na_V1.5 and Na_V1.8) by shifting the voltage dependence of channel activation to more depolarized potentials and by blocking the inward component of the Na⁺ current. It is significantly more potent against the Na_V1.2 channel than other Na_V channel subtypes¹.

Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.

Any aqueous buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).

Up to two weeks at 4°C or three months at -20°C.

Synthetic peptide

10 nM - 1 μM.

μ-Conotoxin PIIIA reversibly blocks mammalian skeletal muscle voltage-gated Na⁺ channels (Na_V1.4, IC₅₀ of 44 nM), Type II (Na_V1.2) and PN1 (Na_V1.7) neuronal voltage-gated Na⁺ channels (IC₅₀ of 640 nM) by binding to site I domain of the channel. In addition, it blocks irreversibly amphibian muscle Na⁺ channels¹.

Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.

Any aqueous buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).

Up to two weeks at 4°C or three months at -20°C.

Synthetic peptide

20-500 nM.

Huwentoxin-IV specifically inhibits the neuronal tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) voltage-gated Na⁺ channel (IC₅₀ = 30 nM) in adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons, while having no significant effect on the tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) voltage-gated Na⁺ channel^1-3.

Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.

Any aqueous buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).

Up to two weeks at 4°C or three months at -20°C.

10-200 µM.

Pilsicainide hydrochloride is an anti-arrhythmic drug¹ and activity dependent Na⁺ (Na_V) channel blocker². Pilsicainide hydrochloride blocks human Na_V1.4 channels with IC₅₀s of 189 ± 10 µM at 0.1 Hz and 76 ± 7 µM at 10 Hz³.

Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.

Water. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).

Up to four weeks at 4°C or three months at -20°C.

Synthetic peptide

2-5 µM.

Pterinotoxin-1 inhibits rat voltage-gated Na⁺ channels Na_V1.3, Na_V1.7 and Na_V1.8.

Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.

20 mM ammonium acetate, pH =6. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).

Up to two weeks at 4°C or three months at -20°C.

Synthetic peptide

0.5-300 nM.

Phrixotoxin-3 specifically and reversibly blocks Na_V1.2¹.

Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.

Any aqueous buffer. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10,000 x g 5 min).

Up to two weeks at 4°C or three months at -20°C.

1-50 mM.

QX-314 chloride is an intracellular blocker of Na_V channels^1-4.

Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for four years.

Water. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).

Up to two weeks at 4°C or six months at -20°C.
Protect from light. Hygroscopic.

10-200 µM.

Ralfinamide mesylate is a Na⁺ channel blocker¹. Its IC₅₀ values for tonic block of half-maximal inactivated tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant and TTX-sensitive currents are 10 and 22 μM, respectively¹. Ralfinamide displays analgesic effects in animal models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain².

Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.

DMSO. Centrifuge all product preparations before use (10000 x g 5 min).

Up to four weeks at 4°C or three months at -20°C.

Tetraodon pardalis (puffer fish).

100 nM - 1 μM.

Tetrodotoxin is a potent and selective blocker of a subclass of Na_V channels¹, and is often used to define subclasses of Na_V channels².

Shipped at room temperature. Product as supplied can be stored intact at room temperature for several weeks. For longer periods, it should be stored at -20°C.

TTX citrate is freely soluble in water to over 10 mM. The reconstituted product contains citrate buffer.
To reconstitute 1 mg lyophilized product to 10 mM stock solution – add 313 µl ddH₂O to the vial and tap gently until fully dissolved. To reconstitute 50 µg lyophilized product to 1 mM stock solution – add 157 µl ddH₂O to the vial and tap gently until fully dissolved.
Centrifuge all product vials before handling and reconstitution (10000 x g 5 min).

Up to one week at 4°C or six months at -20°C.